How to install phpMyadmin with Nginx on Ubuntu 22.04/24.04

Managing MySQL databases without a user-friendly interface can be a daunting task, especially for beginners. When you install phpMyAdmin on Ubuntu 22.04 and use it with Nginx, it acts as a savior by providing a graphical interface that simplifies database administration and streamlines your workflow.

phpMyAdmin – Free Web-Based MySQL Database Administration Tool

phpMyAdmin is a free software tool written in PHP, intended to handle the administration of MySQL over the Web. phpMyAdmin supports a wide range of operations on MySQL and MariaDB. Frequently used operations (managing databases, tables, columns, relations, indexes, users, permissions, etc) can be performed via the user interface, while you still have the ability to directly execute any SQL statement.

Step 1. Prerequisites for Installing phpMyAdmin with Nginx

Before beginning the installation of phpMyadmin on Ubuntu 22.04 or 24.04, make sure that you have already installed PHP, MYSQL, and NGINX.

Step 2. Install & Secure phpMyAdmin

To begin, run the following command to download the phpMyAdmin source code:

phpMyAdminon Multiple language version:

DATA="$(wget https://www.phpmyadmin.net/home_page/version.txt -q -O-)"
URL="$(echo $DATA | awk '{print $3}')"
VERSION="$(echo $DATA | cut -d ' ' -f 1)"
wget https://files.phpmyadmin.net/phpMyAdmin/${VERSION}/phpMyAdmin-${VERSION}-all-languages.tar.gz

phpMyAdminon Only English version:

DATA="$(wget https://www.phpmyadmin.net/home_page/version.txt -q -O-)"
URL="$(echo $DATA | awk '{print $3}')"
VERSION="$(echo $DATA | cut -d ' ' -f 1)"
wget https://files.phpmyadmin.net/phpMyAdmin/${VERSION}/phpMyAdmin-${VERSION}-english.tar.gz

If you prefer to use the English version, you can replace the end line with the following command.

wget https://files.phpmyadmin.net/phpMyAdmin/${VERSION}/phpMyAdmin-${VERSION}-english.tar.gz

Note: If the command gives a 404 error, you can go to phpmyadmin.net to download the file and then extract it.

Step 3. Securely set up phpMyAdmin

After the file has been downloaded, extract it and copy or move the files to the “/usr/share/” directory to start install phpMyadmin on Ubuntu 22.04 with Nginx. To do this, run each of the following commands in the terminal.

tar xvf phpMyAdmin-${VERSION}-all-languages.tar.gz
sudo mv phpMyAdmin-*/ /usr/share/phpmyadmin
sudo mkdir -p /usr/share/phpmyadmin/tmp

Note: If you download the English version, the command will be as follows:

tar xvf phpMyAdmin-${VERSION}-english.tar.gz
sudo mv phpMyAdmin-${VERSION}-english /usr/share/phpmyadmin
sudo mkdir -p /usr/share/phpmyadmin/tmp

As you can see from the command above, after we moved the source code to the /usr/share/ directory, I ran the command to create the tmp directory. By default, when installing phpMyAdmin, the tmp directory is not automatically created. Therefore, you need to create this directory manually.

PhpMyAdmin uses Blowfish to encrypt user passwords when logging into the system. When users log in, the password is encrypted using Blowfish and compared to the previously encrypted password in the database. Using Blowfish helps ensure that passwords are secure and unreadable even when attacked by hackers. In the next step of the process of installing phpMyAdmin on Ubuntu or Linux, to use the Blowfish encryption method, you need to provide a value for it.

Continuing, you need to copy the config.sample.inc.php file and rename it to config.inc.php, and then open the config.inc.php file and set the Blowfish value.

sudo cp /usr/share/phpmyadmin/config.sample.inc.php /usr/share/phpmyadmin/config.inc.php
sudo nano /usr/share/phpmyadmin/config.inc.php

Scroll down to the line starting with $cfg['blowfish_secret'], and give it any value. You can generate a random value here: tools/blowfish-salt.

$cfg['blowfish_secret'] = 'JsQ*$]1m9Z+M3`YNO`}4p;|Y+Z%4}(SB';

And add the configuration for the temp (tmp) directory at the end.

$cfg['TempDir'] = '/tmp/';

After you have entered the correct values as instructed, press Ctrl + X, select Y to save the file. Finally, you need to set permissions for the directories and files so that phpmyadmin can operate properly.

sudo chown -R www-data:www-data /usr/share/phpmyadmin/
sudo find /usr/share/phpmyadmin/ -type d -exec chmod 755 {} \;
sudo find /usr/share/phpmyadmin/ -type f -exec chmod 644 {} \;

Step 4. Config phpMyadmin with Nginx

To configure phpMyAdmin to work with Nginx on Linux/Ubuntu, you will need to create a configuration file for it. Use the following command to add and save the configuration for phpMyAdmin:

sudo nano /etc/nginx/conf.d/phpmyadmin.conf

server {
  listen 80;
  listen [::]:80;
  server_name 127.0.0.1;
  root /usr/share/nginx/html/;
  index index.php index/ index.htm index.nginx-debian/;
  location / {
    try_files $uri $uri/ =404;
  }
  error_page 404 /404/;
  error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x/;
  location = /50x/ {
    root /usr/share/nginx/html;
  }
  location ~ \.php$ {
    fastcgi_pass unix:/run/php/php8.1-fpm.sock;
    fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
    include fastcgi_params;
    include snippets/fastcgi-php.conf;
  }
  location ~ /\.ht {
    deny all;
  }
 location /phpmyadmin {
  root /usr/share/;
  index index.php;
  try_files $uri $uri/ =404;
  location ~ ^/phpmyadmin/(doc|sql|setup)/ {
    deny all;
  }
  location ~ /phpmyadmin/(.+\.php)$ {
    fastcgi_pass unix:/run/php/php8.1-fpm.sock;
    fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
    include fastcgi_params;
    include snippets/fastcgi-php.conf;
  }
 }
}

Note:

• I’m using php8.1, so my fastcgi_pass config is /run/php/php8.1-fpm.sock. Therefore, please replace the php version you want to use accordingly.
• This guide is for installation on localhost, so we’ll be using listen 80 for regular HTTP. If you’re installing on a server, you can use SSL with listen 443 and add your own SSL configuration file.

After finishing the installation of phpMyadmin with Nginx on Ubuntu and adding the configuration of the file phpmyadmin.conf, save the file and restart nginx to apply the changes.

sudo service nginx restart

You’re done! Now, open your web browser and enter the address 127.0.0.1/phpmyadmin or localhost/phpmyadmin to access phpMyAdmin.

With phpMyAdmin seamlessly integrated into your Nginx web server, you now have a powerful and user-friendly interface to manage your MySQL databases. Whether you’re a beginner or an experienced developer, this setup empowers you to streamline database administration tasks, boost productivity, and unleash the full potential of your web applications.